Members of the Rolling 20's Bloods sitting in front of their friend's gravesite. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the Day family grew in Hopefully, the gang mentality of yesteryear and its focus on protection, defense, and unity can make a modern comeback. Young boys mimick their elder "homies" of the Andrew Lichtenstein/ Corbis via Getty Images. "By 1983, African-American Los Angeles gangs seized upon the availability of narcotics, particularly crack, as a means of income," Marcus Hoover explained. 14 of 29 people indicted for being involved in the Mac Balla Bloods criminal ring. The trial revealed that Hamlet ordered many of the murders as revenge against Almalik Anderson, a rival with whom he had a long-running dispute. WebThe New Jersey Grape Street Crips controlled drug trafficking and other criminal activities in various areas of Newark, including the area of 6th Avenue and North 5th Street and "It is characterized by the following types of behavior: meeting face to face, milling, movement through space as a unit, conflict, and planning.". Edit. Other enemies include the Circle City Pirus, Fruit Town Pirus, Hacienda Village Bloods, East Coast Crips, Fudge Town Mafia Crips, Neighbor Hood Crips, Rollin 60s Compton Crips, Ten Line Gangster Crips, Watts Mafia Crips, and Florencia 13. Note that this thesaurus is not in any way affiliated with Urban Dictionary. Hopefully the related words and synonyms for "term" are a little tamer than average. ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. A Crip gang set that operates in the Watts section of Los Angeles. In this collaborative effort in delivering the greatest impact toward restoring the community and bringing those bad seeds to justice, the Grape Street Crips, one of the most violent Newark gangs, was dismantled in this joint investigation. An unusual situation has developed where the Bounty Hunter Bloods and PJ Crips assist one another against the Grape Streets. The jury deliberated for four days before returning the verdicts. On two counts of conviction, Manley faces a maximum sentence of life in prison, including a mandatory minimum term of 15 years. Or you might try boyfriend or girlfriend to get words that can mean either one of these (e.g. "[1], Brandon "BL" Bullard, a veteran of the Grape Street Watts Crips, was murdered by the East Coast Crips in 2008. The Ballas are based on The Bloods, but their gang colors are based on The Grape Street Crips. March 18, 1993. A locked padlock Naturally, with the Compton Crips set having established itself in the same neighborhood years earlier, severe conflict ensued between the two groups. According to VIBE, the April 5, 2019 "Unity Walk" saw hundreds of Bloods and Crips march through South Central. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. In the 1970s, in an effort to protect themselves against these countless sets of Crip gangs, alternative gangs and leaderships were birthed. Indeed, according to The New York Times, the Mac Balla Bloods have successfully orchestrated "an enterprise of violence emanating from Rikers Island.". An official website of the United States government. They are bitter rivals to the Bounty Hunter Bloods and the PJ Crips, after a truce started in '92 broke down in 2000. Camden:856-757-5026
April 13, 1993. Within a few block radius on Church and East 56th Street, there are several memorials for recent victims of gun violence. There is still lots of work to be done to get this slang thesaurus to give consistently good results, but I think it's at the stage where it could be useful to people, which is why I released it. June 15, 2016. There are 1152 other synonyms or words related to grape street watts crips listed above. Bronx District Attorney's Office14 of 29 people indicted for being involved in the Mac Balla Bloods criminal ring. In October 2013, Kwasi Mack, a/k/a Welchs, 26, of Belleville, New Jersey, and Corey Batts, a/k/a C-Murder, a/k/a Cee, 30, of Newark, two Grape Street Crips leaders, plotted to kill a gang rival (Victim 3). Shandue McPhatter addresses a small crowd of witnesses and family members after five people were shot in a neighborhood park, allegedly over a stolen backpack. Vice Lords, Crenshaw Mafia, Bloods (red) and other gangs, all attending the Urban Justice Summit in Kansas City, Missouri. Police officers from the Los Angeles Police Department Counter Surveillance Team and gang units take into custody two Bloods for burglary and theft. Long-time leader of Grape Street Crips Gang, two other members convicted of racketeering conspiracy, murders, drug trafficking Susan A. Gibson Special Agent in Charge New Jersey @DEANewJerseyDiv July 13, 2018 Contact: Timothy P. McMahon Phone Number: (571) 776-1150 For Immediate Release NEWARK, N.J. Fourteen leaders, members and associates of the New Jersey Grape Street Crips, a violent street gang operating in and around Newark, were charged by indictment today with racketeering, violent crimes in aid of racketeering, drug trafficking, firearms offenses and related crimes, U.S. Attorney Paul J. Fishman announced. A lock ( Their main allies are the Acacia Blocc Compton Crips, Carver Park Compton Crips, Eight Tray Gangster Crips, Farm Dog Compton Crips, J-55, Rollin 30's Harlem Crips, Santana Blocc Compton Crips, Spook Town Compton Crips, and others. As you've probably noticed, the slang synonyms for "term" are listed above. 4. U.S. Attorney Fishman credited special agents of the DEA, under the direction of Special Agent in Charge Carl Kotowski, and special agents of the FBI, under the direction of Special Agent in Charge Richard M. Frankel, for the investigation leading to the charges. WebBrowse 61 grape street crips stock photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. According to Gothamist, hundreds of current and former Bloods and Crips marched in solidarity against violence in the South Bronx in early April. WebThe Grape Street Watts Crips (GSWC) are primarily an active African-American street gang located in the Jordan Down Housing Projects on the East Side in the Watts district U.S. Attorney's Office, District of New Jersey, Fourteen Grape Street Crips Leaders, Members And Associates Indicted For Racketeering Conspiracy, Violent Crimes, grape_street_third_superseding_indictment.pdf, Philadelphia Man Sentenced to 20 Years in Prison for Role in Murder for Hire, Camden County Man Admits Hiring Hitman Via Internet, New Jersey Man Sentenced For Assaulting Officers And Other Charges. June 10, 1988. Jan. 1, 1995. Also, Hanee Cureton, a/k/a City, 30, Khalil Stafford, a/k/a Stod, a/k/a Homicide, 31, and Lateef Grimsley, a/k/a Bird, 26, distributed kilogram quantities of heroin in and around Newark. nuestros enemigos son las putas de banana lane. All of these crews were now united under the Bloods umbrella. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS In the 1960s, however, the foundation for a more thoroughly armed, consolidated and violent variety the Crips fell into place in South Central L.A. WebThe PJs and the Bounty Hunters teaming up against Grape Street. There are literally hundreds of sets for individual gangs under the main Blood and Crip names.". Oct. 27, 2013: The attempted murders of Almalik Anderson and Saidah Goines. 1. fppd86 2 yr. ago. Los Angeles, California. August 3, 2015: The murder of Andre Singh. The collaboration between the DEA and our law enforcement partners exemplified outstanding investigative efforts resulting in the successful conviction of some of Newarks most violent criminals. Crips and Bloods teaming up to go at Crips. - Big Cat, Rollin' 60's Crips. Most notably, the decade of Americas crack epidemic had the Bloods eager to partake in the unprecedented profits and subsequent splendor. Ikeepgettingbanned__ 2 yr. ago. Dec. 23, 2010: The murder of Rodney Kearney; What was once a gang centered on neighborhood protection and a unified defense against rival groups, was now firmly entrenched in the local drug trade. From smuggling both sensitive information and illegal contraband in and out of city jails and an upstate prison, crack, scalpels, and opioids are sold. The principal mission of the OCDETF program is to identify, disrupt and dismantle the most serious drug trafficking, weapons trafficking and money laundering organizations and those primarily responsible for the nations illegal drug supply. Main Office:
Note that due to the nature of the algorithm, some results returned by your query may only be concepts, ideas or words that are related to "term" (perhaps tenuously). By the early 1980s, nearly 30,000 gang members who repped either Crips or Bloods sets were now living in Los Angeles. In May 2010, Carnegie stored a loaded Romarm SA Cugir 7.62x39 assault rifle, an American Industries Calico M100 .22LR carbine, 7.62x39 caliber ammunition, .22 caliber ammunition and $2,952 in Orange, New Jersey. The slang name "Honcho" is of course a shortened slang term for "head honcho," meaning the boss. Los Angeles, California. Local anti-violence activist and former Bloods gang member Shanduke McPhatter stands next to a street memorial for Darnell Faustin in East Flatbush, Brooklyn. 3rd Street Crips [defunct] A Line Crips [defunct] Avalon 40s Crips. In the late 1970s, having established a firm "take no prisoners" attitude, the Bloods, wrote Marcus Hoover, "began to claim certain neighborhoods as their territory. U.S. Attorney Carpenito credited special agents of the DEA, under the direction of Special Agent in Charge Nickerson, and special agents of the FBI, under the direction of Special Agent in Charge Ehrie in Newark, with the investigation. Sixty-six of those individuals also have been convicted, and charges remain pending against two. Numerous gang members including Washington, Eric Concepcion, a/k/a Eddie Arroyo, a/k/a E-Wax a/k/a Wax, 28, Hakeem Vanderhall, a/k/a Keem, a/k/a Sugar Bear, 31, Jamar Hamilton, a/k/a Gunner, 27, Tyquan Clark, a/k/a Tah, 28, and James Gutierrez, a/k/a Bad News, 24, sold thousands of clips of crack-cocaine in the area of 6th Avenue and North 5th Street (a clip is slang for a package containing 10 doses). The two remaining defendants, Hanee Cureton and Khalil Stafford, are pending trial. Attorneys Osmar J. Benvenuto, Elizabeth M. Harris and Barry Kamar of the District of New Jerseys Criminal Division in Newark. WebThe PJs and the Bounty Hunters teaming up against Grape Street. Lock As part of the RICO conspiracy, Manley was convicted for his role in the attempted murders of Almalik Anderson and Saidah Goines. March 18, 1993. Singleton was facing trial for aggravated assault in connection with a shooting. The gangs activities largely originated in high-school campuses across L.A. with factions springing up in Compton. "A gang is an interstitial group, originally formed spontaneously, and then integrated through conflict," Frederic Thrasher wrote in his 1927 book The Gang. June 10, 1988. Buying cocaine in bulk and selling its crack variety which had never been in higher demand seemed like a financially savvy way to become a more independent gang. In Compton, those who don the primary color refer to themselves as Pirus, while the Brims, Bounty Hunters, Swans, and the Family are known as Bloods. The government is represented by Assistant U.S. Secure .gov websites use HTTPSA lock ( Special thanks to the contributors of the open-source code that was used in this project: @krisk, @HubSpot, and @mongodb. The Urban Thesaurus was created by indexing millions of different slang terms which are defined on sites like Urban Dictionary. Phillips was convicted of 10 counts in the indictment, including RICO conspiracy, murder in aid of racketeering, various other violent crimes in aid of racketeering, using firearms during crimes of violence, and conspiracy to distribute one kilogram or more of heroin. Big 30. He bragged about how he had beat trial by intimidating the main witness and getting the state charges against him dismissed. Their gang rivalry became vicious and bloody.". Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Joe Sohm/Visions of America/UIG/Getty Images. we from and reppin the big SD. Jan. 1, 2002. As the leader of the New Jersey set of the Grape Street Crips, Hamlet authorized six murders committed by members of the gang. Astoundingly, the L.A.-based Bloods have even established themselves in New York City, where prison life in facilities such as Rikers Island is largely coordinated by the gang. Paper Chase Matt. WebThe New Jersey Grape Street Crips controlled drug trafficking and other criminal activities in various areas of Newark, including the area of 6th Avenue and North 5th Street and A famous set of the Crips located in the Watts district, California. Balas (without an 'l') means bullets in Portuguese and Spanish, which does make sense, considering they are a gang. The gang established itself around West Piru Street in Compton. The Grape Street Crips engaged for years in numerous acts of murder, robbery, extortion, and drug trafficking throughout Newark. we from and reppin the big SD. members are me, k-v, j-hill, ruben, grapandy, diddy, and d-mackin. This article about a criminal organization is a stub. WebThe Grape Street Crips crime ring sent cocaine and crack to cities in the Midwest and South. The search algorithm handles phrases and strings of words quite well, so for example if you want words that are related to lol and rofl you can type in lol rofl and it should give you a pile of related slang terms. Official websites use .govA .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The gang's rivalry with the Bounty Hunter Bloods has been described as being "the most violent and long lasting feud between two gangs that are in the Watts area. Los Angeles, California. Trxp Loc. waz up cuz slang for what crips call The chart below summarizes the offenses charged in the third superseding indictment and the maximum and minimum penalties faced by each of the charged defendants. WebThe Grape Street Watts Crips is a Crip subset based in the Watts neighborhood of Los Angeles. Rivalries between Bloods in red and Crips in blue are on-going feuds played out with graffiti battles by crossing one off with an opposing color and monikers of their gang. As part of the RICO conspiracy, Hamlet was convicted for his role in the murders of Tariq Johnson and Anwar West. It was under the CCO that Honcho Day of the Grape Street Crips called hundreds of separate warring Crip sets together at the Compton High Namely, the Bloods. According to documents filed in this case and statements made in court: The New Jersey Grape Street Crips controlled drug trafficking and other criminal activities in various areas of Newark, including the area of 6th Avenue and North 5th Street and public-housing complexes at Pennington Court, Oscar Miles, the Millard Terrell Homes, the John W. Hyatt homes and the former James Baxter Terrace complex. U.S. Attorney Fishman also thanked prosecutors and detectives of the Essex County Prosecutors Office, under the direction of Acting Prosecutor Carolyn A. Murray, police officers and detectives of the Newark Police Department, under the direction of Director Eugene Venable and Chief Anthony Campos, and the Essex County Sheriffs Office, under the direction of Armando B. Fontoura, for their work on the investigation. Hearing Impaired: 973-645-6227
A locked padlock In March 2015, during the lawful wiretap of a cell phone used by Singleton, law enforcement agents intercepted Singleton detailing his efforts to intimidate a witness who took the witness stand to testify against him. The official Urban Dictionary API is used to show the hover-definitions. During the course of the investigation, law enforcement agents seized numerous firearms, including a .410 caliber assault rifle, a .45 caliber Thompson semi-automatic carbine, a 7.62 caliber assault rifle and numerous semi-automatic handguns. The Hancock St. Bishop Blood Gang. 6. Wikimedia CommonsThe Hancock St. Bishop Blood Gang. To learn more, see the privacy policy. Los Angeles, California. The Reagan era and its mythologized trickle down economics didnt find its way into the inner city communities of South Central, unfortunately. Two native Angelenos, Sylvester Scott, and Vincent Owens, initially founded the Bloods as the Compton Pirus. The nearly five-decades-long evolution of the Bloods is not all negative, however. Alternatively, future members could opt to attack a member of a rival gang. Hearing Impaired: 856-968-4983
They are distinctive for wearing purple as well as traditional Crip blue. Los Angeles, California. WebPittsburgh North Sides reputation of the 1990s with the friction between Pittsburgh gangs and neighborhoods that led to this section of the city to be labeled as the War Side, a Bloods wore red as a signifier of their allegiance. Manley was convicted of eight counts in the indictment, including RICO conspiracy. 1. a crip gang based in Watts CA. The charges are the result of a long-running DEA and FBI investigation, in conjunction with the Essex County Prosecutors Office, the Newark Police Department and Essex County Sheriffs Office Bureau of Narcotics. Los Angeles, California. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. WebThe Crips is an alliance of street gangs that is based in the coastal regions of Southern California.Founded in Los Angeles, California, in 1969, mainly by Raymond Washington and Stanley Williams, the Crips were initially a single alliance between two autonomous gangs; it is now a loosely-connected network of individual "sets", often engaged in open warfare The charges and allegations contained in the indictment are merely accusations, and the defendants are presumed innocent unless and until proven guilty. Remains Of Deformed "Elephant Man" Found In An Unmarked London Grave, Crushing Pressure, Frigid Cold, And Eternal Darkness: Welcome To Challenger Deep, The Deepest Part Of The Ocean, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. Big Moochie Grape. Kwasi Mack, a/k/a Welchs, The Prince, Mini Me, 26, Belleville, Corey Batts, a/k/a C-Murder, Cee, 30, Newark, Hakeem Vanderhall, a/k/a Keem, Sugar Bear, 31, East Orange, Eric Concepcion, a/k/a Eddie Arroyo, E-Wax, Wax, 28, Clifton, Justin Carnegie, a/k/a Dew Hi, Dew, D, 28, East Orange, Ahmed Singleton, a/k/a Gangsta-Moo, Gangsta, Mooshie, 26, Newark, Jamar Hamilton, a/k/a Gunner, 26, Tottowa, Rashan Washington, a/k/a Shoota, 25, Newark, Hanee Cureton, a/k/a City 30, Springfield, Khalil Stafford, a/k/a Stod, Homicide, 31, Newark, James S. Gutierrez, a/k/a Bad News, 24, Newark, Conspiracy to Commit Murder in Aid of Racketeering, Conspiracy to Assault with a Dangerous Weapon in Aid of Racketeering, Assault with a Dangerous Weapon in Aid of Racketeering, Use of a Firearm in Furtherance of a Crime of Violence, Life imprisonment; 10-year mandatory minimum; $250,000 fine, Conspiracy to Possess a Firearm in Furtherance of a Crime of Violence, Life in prison; 25-year mandatory minimum; $250,000 fine, Life in prison;10-year mandatory minimum; $10,000,000 fine, Life in prison; 20-year mandatory minimum; $10,000,000 fine, Distribution, and Possession with Intent to Distribute, Heroin, Use of a Firearm in Furtherance of a Drug-Trafficking Crime, Life in prison; 20-year mandatory minimum, Lateef Grimsley, a/k/a Bird, 26, Newark, District of New Jersey
Even this majority, however, living on the periphery, has been culturally made aware of the Los Angeles Crips and the Bloods. Though Thrashers social analysis is now nearly a century old, the main tenets of gang culture namely the "attachment to a local territory" he mentions further on really havent changed too much since then. Memphis, TN A now-33-year-old former California native has been sentenced to 10 years in federal prison following a year-long investigation by local state and federal law enforcement agencies into a drug trafficking organization with ties to the Grape Street Crips gang. Carnegie and Ahmed Singleton, a/k/a Gangsta-Moo, a/k/a Gangsta, a/k/a Mooshie, 26, of Newark, frequently carried and stock-piled firearms in furtherance of the gangs activities and talked about harming individuals who were perceived to be cooperating with law enforcement. WebEastside Grape Street Watts Crips (GSC, GST, WBLC, GSW) are a predominatly African-American street gang located in the Watts section of Southeast of Los Angeles,
An official website of the United States government. A gang member relaxes in a rented limousine after speaking in support of granting clemency for Stanley "Tookie'" Williams, co-founder of the arch rival Crips gang. FAX: 856-968-4917
A member could easily make anywhere from $300 to $500 per day from slinging a few crack rocks around the neighborhood. WebAccording to the algorithm behind Urban Thesaurus, the top 5 slang words for "grape street watts crips" are: grape street, jordan downs, gangster rap, crips, and bakersfield gangs. Urban Thesaurus crawls the web and collects millions of different slang terms, many of which come from UD and turn out to be really terrible and insensitive (this is the nature of urban slang, I suppose). This naturally led to an exorbitant increase in violence which was once limited to certain L.A. neighborhoods. Please also note that due to the nature of the internet (and especially UD), there will often be many terrible and offensive terms in the results. Wikimedia CommonsBlue and red bandanas, necessary accessories for the Crips and Bloods, respectively. "THE PEOPLE, Plaintiff and Respondent, v. CORDELL HAWKINS, Defendant and Appellant", "PCP drug bust in South Los Angeles: 20 arrested", "Second South Los Angeles Gang Leader Sentenced to Life Without Parole in Federal Prison for Distributing PCP", "13 L.A. street gang members indicted in sale of PCP", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grape_Street_Watts_Crips&oldid=1138651950, Pages using infobox criminal organization with ethnicity or ethnic makeup parameters, Pages using infobox criminal organization with rivals parameter, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 10 February 2023, at 20:58. their turf is located between 103rd and 95th street. The 1980s were a prolific decade of expansion and diversification for the Bloods. Dunn explained that both Crips and Bloods controlled a significant portion of the crack cocaine operations across the country. Hamlet faces a mandatory sentence of life in prison. A staff writer for All Thats Interesting, Marco Margaritoff has also published work at outlets including People, VICE, and Complex, covering everything from film to finance to technology. They have bad blood with This was especially true of They are considered the one the largest black gangs in the city of Watts, along with the Grape Also in October 2013, Mack and other Grape Street Crips members, including Justin Carnegie, a/k/a Dew Hi, a/k/a Dew, a/k/a D, 28, Rashan Washington, a/k/a Shoota, 25, and Aaron Terrell, a/k/a Push, 24, all of Newark, allegedly committed a shooting in retaliation for the murder of a fellow gang member. Todays convictions of Corey Hamlet, the leader of that organization, as well as two of his senior gang members, represent our steadfast, ongoing commitment to ensuring the safety of New Jerseys citizens and the communities in which they live. Outnumbered and outgunned, the Compton Pirus were viciously demolished. The set is widely believed to be the inspiration for the Ballas in the video game 'Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas'. May 3, 2013: The murder of Tariq Johnson; WebAn #urban #truecrime story about the orgin and times of the #GrapeStreet #Crips in #Newark #NewJersey @thecrimestreetjournal "Its a lot of people who were calling who said they wanted to get together and come to the vigil and pay respect.". Law enforcement agents later recovered several kilograms of heroin, glassine envelopes, cutting agents and blenders from the apartment. a la verga. ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. One of Hamlets fellow gang-members attempted to broker a truce with Anderson at the Short Hills Mall. Todays third superseding indictment follows the coordinated takedown in May 2015 of 50 alleged members and associates of the Grape Street Crips who were charged by criminal complaints with drug-trafficking, physical assaults and witness intimidation. They wear purple rather than the traditional Crip blue. See grape street watts crips, crips. To protect their territory, the Grape Street Crips used community guns that were easily accessible to gang members. Dec. 13, 2015. Between poverty and unemployment, and a choice between welfare or crime, the Bloods grew and began to make a substantial portion of their funds from dealing drugs. Crips and Bloods teaming up to go at Crips. - Big Cat, Rollin' 60's Crips. Los Angeles, California. Most likely refers to the name of a STREET located in the Watts section of Los Angeles and is also the birthplace and main residence of the infamous Grape Street Watts Crips. See grape street watts crips, Los Angeles, California. Members frequently used social media, including Instagram and YouTube, to disseminate the rules of the gang, intimidate witnesses and other members of the community, and promote the gangs reputation for violence and drug-trafficking. 970 Broad Street, 7th Floor
He also thanked the Essex County Prosecutors Office, under the direction of Acting Prosecutor Robert D. Laurino, and the Essex County Sheriffs Office, under the direction of Armando B. Fontura, for their long and close collaboration on the case. Now the residents of Newark can rest easier knowing that these criminals have been convicted of these serious charges. Soon various other gangs who had been attacked or had their territory encroached upon by the Crips came under the fold. Nov. 12, 2013: The murder of Anwar West; and According to Stanford Universitys Julia Dunn in Poverty & Prejudice: Gangs of All Colors, gang culture shifted from petty crimes such as theft and forgery in the 1920s and 1930s to extortion and gambling in the 1940s. Domestic Cannabis Suppression / Eradication Program, Red Ribbon Toolkit - Resources For Your Community, DEA National Prescription Drug Take Back Day, Intelligence Research Specialist Job Announcements, Schedule A Hiring Authority: Intelligence Research Specialist, Privacy Impact Assessment and Management Information Systems, Victim Witness Assistance Program Resources. Members would simply announce their visit to a certain city and be informed as to who is in charge, link up and garner their local protection. An LAPD officer searches a suspected gang member. Los Angeles, California. Their main enemies are the Bounty Hunters Bloods and PJ Watts Crips. Two native Angelenos, Sylvester Scott, and Vincent Owens, initially founded the Bloods as the Compton Pirus. WebWhat is Grape Street Watts Crips? I think Edot baby and them OY dudes in Harlem rep grape street too. The business had rapidly outgrown local cash exchanges and spread to cities nationwide. The Bloods distinguished themselves from the rest of L.A.s gangs in the 1970s by engaging in more violence and crime than their peers. Los Angeles, California. A factory wall with painted graffiti in Los Angeles, California.