View abstract. Zhonghua Er.Ke.Za Zhi. J Urol. 2011;270(1):76-84. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. J Ren Nutr 2021;S1051-2276(21)00091-1. Medically reviewed by Drugs.com on Jun 6, 2022. Cardiovasc.Drugs Ther 2005;19(4):267-275. 2004;34(6):615-623. 2007;25(2):182-188. Prolonged moderate-intensity exercise without and with L-carnitine supplementation in patients with MCAD deficiency. Version: 1.03. Van Oudheusden, L. J. and Scholte, H. R. Efficacy of carnitine in the treatment of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Hoffman, J. R., Ratamess, N. A., Gonzalez, A., Beller, N. A., Hoffman, M. W., Olson, M., Purpura, M., and Jager, R. The effects of acute and prolonged CRAM supplementation on reaction time and subjective measures of focus and alertness in healthy college students. L-Carnosine is known as the ' longevity molecule'. Very common (10% or more): Diarrhea (35%), abdominal pain (21%), vomiting (21%), nausea (12%), Common (1% to 10%): Constipation, dyspepsia, gastrointestinal disorder, melena, Very rare (less than 0.01%): Abdominal cramps[Ref], Very common (10% or more): Headache (37%), dizziness (18%), paresthesia (12%), Common (1% to 10%): Hypertonia, vertigo, taste perversion, Frequency not reported: Seizures (with or without pre-existing seizure activity), increase in seizure frequency and/or severity[Ref], There are reports from clinical trials of significant hypertriglyceridemia associated with high doses of levocarnitine (the active ingredient contained in L-Carnitine) (3 g/day) given to uremic dialysis patients. Sproule, D. M., Dyme, J., Coku, J., de, Vinck D., Rosenzweig, E., Chung, W. K., and De Vivo, D. C. Pulmonary artery hypertension in a child with MELAS due to a point mutation of the mitochondrial tRNA((Leu)) gene (m.3243A > G). Ann Neurol 1988;24:301. Australas Psychiatry. Tohoku J Exp.Med. Nikolaos, S., George, A., Telemachos, T., Maria, S., Yannis, M., and Konstantinos, M. Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on red blood cells deformability in hemodialysis patients. For most individuals, the nausea and vomiting will be relatively mild. Wei G, Zhou Z, Cui Y, et al. View abstract. J Clin Biochem.Nutr. Riccioni, C., Sarcinella, R., Izzo, A., Palermo, G., Liguori, M., Caliumi, C., Carloni, E., Paolucci, A. M., D'andrea, P., and Pompili, S. Rehabilitative treatment in peripheral artery disease: protocol application and follow-up. Is there a special pill or food out there? Clin Exp.Rheumatol. When taken by mouth: L-carnitine is likely safe when taken for up to 12 months. View abstract. Lancet 1989;2:469-73. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. As a supplement, acetyl-L-carnitine is usually considered safe when taken as directed. Lenzi A, Sgro P, Salacone P, et al. Does oral L-carnitine alter plasma triglyceride levels in hypertriglyceridaemic subjects with or without non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus? Brass EP. View abstract. 2009;4(27):45-52. View abstract. Use of a long-chain triglyceride-restricted/medium-chain triglyceride-supplemented diet in a case of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency with cardiomyopathy. Hamedi-Kalajahi F, Imani H, Mojtahedi S, Shabbidar S. Effect of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers and Serum Glucose in Hemodialysis Children: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Askarpour M, Hadi A, Symonds ME, et al. View abstract. View abstract. Digiesi, V., Palchetti, R., and Cantini, F. [The benefits of L-carnitine therapy in essential arterial hypertension with diabetes mellitus type II]. You can get small amounts of L-carnitine from your diet by eating meat and fish (4, 5). Tanner, L. M., Nanto-Salonen, K., Rashed, M. S., Kotilainen, S., Aalto, M., Venetoklis, J., Niinikoski, H., Huoponen, K., and Simell, O. Carnitine deficiency and L-carnitine supplementation in lysinuric protein intolerance. Bartels GL, Remme WJ, Holwerda KJ, Kruijssen DA. Indian Pediatr 1992;29:1501-5. Yeh, Y. Y., Cooke, R. J., and Zee, P. Impairment of lipid emulsion metabolism associated with carnitine insufficiency in premature infants. 2008;21(11):1231-1237. View abstract. First, take your CoQ10 with a meal. Influence of L-carnitine administration on maximal physical exercise. Am J Nephrol 1990;10(2):109-114. Stanley CA. Potential role of levocarnitine supplementation for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced fatigue in non-anaemic cancer patients. . The evidence is mixed when it comes to L-carnitines effects on sports performance. View abstract. Rathod, R., Baig, M. S., Khandelwal, P. N., Kulkarni, S. G., Gade, P. R., and Siddiqui, S. Results of a single blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to study the effect of intravenous L-carnitine supplementation on health-related quality of life in Indian patients on maintenance hemodialysis. View abstract. This article lists 5 natural fat burners that are supported by science. Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C, Calvani M, et al. Diabetologia 1997;40(1):A32. Malaguarnera, M., Vacante, M., Avitabile, T., Malaguarnera, M., Cammalleri, L., and Motta, M. L-Carnitine supplementation reduces oxidized LDL cholesterol in patients with diabetes. 11 Best Foods to Boost Your Brain and Memory, The 10 Best Nootropic Supplements to Boost Brain Power, How to Speed Up Your Metabolism: 9 Easy Ways Backed by Science, 18 Popular Weight Loss Medications and Supplements Reviewed, 6 Reasons Why Eggs Are the Healthiest Food on the Planet, Fast Metabolism 101: What It Is and How to Get It. The effect of (L-)carnitine on weight loss in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Postgrad Med 1999;45(2):38-41. [Ref], There have been reports from clinical trials of significant increases in platelet aggregation associated with high doses of levocarnitine (the active ingredient contained in L-Carnitine) (3 g/day) given to hemodialysis patients. Rossini, D., Bulckaen, M., Di, Marco S., Giovannetti, R., Giuntoli, F., Lacopetti, L., and Vergoni, W. [Rehabilitation program in patients with moderate-to-severe intermittent claudication: immediate results and one year follow-up]. Eur.Urol. Garzya G, Corallo D, Fiore A, et al. View abstract. In an eight-week study in 38 women who exercised four times per week, there was no difference in weight loss between those who took L-carnitine and those who didnt (24). View abstract. Ye, J., Li, C. J., and Liu, J. H. [A clinical analysis of methylmalonic acidemia in adolescents]. View abstract. 2006;26(4):499-500. J Inherit.Metab Dis 1-7-2008; View abstract. Ann.Saudi.Med. L-carnitine supplements can incur side effects similar to those of most dietary supplements and medications. 2007;213(4):351-359. 2009;47(9):748-753. Cardiology 2006;106(4):215-223. 2000;2(2):189-193. Unexpected awakening from comatose thyroid storm after a single intravenous injection of L-carnitine. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Drugs Exp Clin Res 1995;21(4):157-159. Prolonged oral L-carnitine substitution increases bicycle ergometer performance in patients with severe, ischemically induced cardiac insufficiency. Soczynska, J. K., Kennedy, S. H., Chow, C. S., Woldeyohannes, H. O., Konarski, J. Biochem Pharmacol 2003;65:1483-8.. View abstract. Of the different forms, acetyl-L-carnitine and L-carnitine are the most popular and seem to be most effective. Safarinejad, M. R., Hosseini, S. Y., and Kolahi, A. Postgrad Med J 1996;72:45-50. 2008;(2):CD003917. Andrologia. El-Beshlawy, A., El, Accaoui R., Abd El-Sattar, M., Gamal El-Deen, M. H., Youssry, I., Shaheen, N., Hamdy, M., El-Ghamrawy, M., and Taher, A. Ammonia and carnitine concentrations in children treated with sodium valproate compared with other anticonvulsant drugs. View abstract. DiNicolantonio, J. J., Lavie, C. J., Fares, H., Menezes, A. R., and O'Keefe, J. H. L-carnitine in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. View abstract. Brain Dev. View abstract. Although the recommended dose varies, around 5002,000 mg (0.52 grams) seems to be both safe and effective. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. [Infantile encephalopathy associated with the MELAS A3243G mutation. J Nutr 2007;137(3 Suppl 2):847S-849S. Some animal studies suggest that the acetyl form, acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR), may help prevent age-related mental decline and improve markers of learning (30, 31). View abstract. Ren Fail. View abstract. Sano M, Bell K, Cote L, et al. 2008;118(5):281-290. Clin J Pain 2008;24(8):731-733. View abstract. Tamamogullari N, Silig Y, Icagasioglu S, Atalay A. Carnitine deficiency in diabetes mellitus complications. However, studies support its use for health, brain function and disease prevention. Korean J Gastroenterol. View abstract. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 1999;13:205-9. This includes older adults and people who rarely or never eat meat and fish. La, Vignera S., Condorelli, R., Vicari, E., D'Agata, R., and Calogero, A. E. Endothelial antioxidant compound prolonged the endothelial antiapoptotic effects registered after tadalafil treatment in patients with arterial erectile dysfunction. The effect of combined L-carnitine and erythropoietin administration on the anaemia and on the lipid profile of patients on hemodialysis [abstract]. Kletzmayr J, Mayer G, Legenstein E, et al. View abstract. Alcohol Alcohol 2010;45(5):449-455. L-Carnitine Supplement Side Effects. Sigman, M., Glass, S., Campagnone, J., and Pryor, J. L. Carnitine for the treatment of idiopathic asthenospermia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. 2011;93(4):799-808. 2008;14(2):149-151. Van Wouwe JP. View abstract. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2018;16(1):5. Memeo A, Loiero M. Thioctic acid and acetyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of sciatic pain caused by a herniated disc: a randomized, double-blind, comparative study. L-Carnitine may cause serious side effects. View abstract. Reuter, S. E. and Evans, A. M. Long-chain acylcarnitine deficiency in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Vermeulen RC, Scholte HR. Marconi C, Sassi G, Carpinelli A, Cerretelli P. Effects of L-carnitine loading on the aerobic and anaerobic performance of endurance athletes. Dal Negro R, Pomari G, Zoccatelli O, and et al. Weinhandl, E. D., Rao, M., Gilbertson, D. T., Collins, A. J., and Pereira, B. J. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one. Gurlek, A., Tutar, E., Akcil, E., Dincer, I., Erol, C., Kocaturk, P. A., and Oral, D. The effects of L-carnitine treatment on left ventricular function and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. More research is needed to confirm the benefits of L-carnitine in a younger, more active population. View abstract. Insomnia; Our bodies partly metabolize carnitine into trimethylamine-N-oxide , which may promote plaque build-up in blood vessels . Clin Ter. 2006;59(6):840-847. Mioli V, Tarchini R, Boggi R, and et al. Aliment.Pharmacol Ther 2011;34(9):1088-1097. J Anal Toxicol 1996;20:55-8. It also caused me to urinate a lot. View abstract. NAC is an amino acid, something present in many foods, but supplements give you a higher dose than you'd get in your daily diet. View abstract. Vecchiet L, Di Lisa F, Pieralisi G, et al. View abstract. Nebbioso M, Evangelista M, Librando A, Plateroti AM, Pescosolido N. Iatrogenic dry eye disease: an eledoisin/carnitine and osmolyte drops study. Zhang JJ, Wu ZB, Cai YJ, Ke B, Huang YJ, Qiu CP, Yang YB, Shi LY, Qin J. L-carnitine ameliorated fasting-induced fatigue, hunger, and metabolic abnormalities in patients with metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled study. View abstract. Ribas, G. S., Manfredini, V., de Mari, J. F., Wayhs, C. Y., Vanzin, C. S., Biancini, G. B., Sitta, A., Deon, M., Wajner, M., and Vargas, C. R. Reduction of lipid and protein damage in patients with disorders of propionate metabolism under treatment: a possible protective role of L-carnitine supplementation. View abstract. Rossignol, D. A. and Frye, R. E. Mitochondrial dysfunction in autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Zhonghua Nan.Ke.Xue. J Inherit.Metab Dis 11-19-2010; View abstract. J Am Coll Nutr. Shapira Y, Gutman A. Cureus. L-carnitine, ginseng, guarana, glucose, taurine, and more. View abstract. View abstract. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021;69(11):1460-1466. Evangelista, M., Koverech, A., Messano, M., and Pescosolido, N. Comparison of three lubricant eye drop solutions in dry eye patients. Kolker, S., Garbade, S. F., Greenberg, C. R., Leonard, J. V., Saudubray, J. M., Ribes, A., Kalkanoglu, H. S., Lund, A. M., Merinero, B., Wajner, M., Troncoso, M., Williams, M., Walter, J. H., Campistol, J., Marti-Herrero, M., Caswill, M., Burlina, A. Pistone G, Marino A, Leotta C, et al. View abstract. Lu, S. M., Li, X., Zhang, H. B., Hu, J. M., Yan, J. H., Liu, J. L., and Chen, Z. J. View abstract. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1990;61:486-90. Arq Bras.Endocrinol.Metabol. Oral carnitine supplementation reduces body weight and insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Persico G, Amato B, Aprea G, et al. However, no studies have confirmed the benefits of carnitine supplements in these specific populations. Mult Scler 2006;12:321-4. Res.Dev.Disabil. 2009;220(1):171-176. Iran J Kidney Dis 2011;5(2):114-118. 2020;37:9-23. Gibault, J. P., Frey, A., Guiraud, M., Schirardin, H., Bouletreau, P., and Bach, A. C. Effects of L-carnitine infusion on intralipid clearance and utilization. JPEN J Parenter.Enteral Nutr 1988;12(6):555-562. View abstract. Measure liquid medicine with the dosing syringe provided, or with a special dose-measuring spoon or medicine cup. BMC Comp Altern Med 2002;2:5. Carnitine versus androgen administration in the treatment of sexual dysfunction, depressed mood, and fatigue associated with male aging. J Vasc.Surg. 2006;17(2):73-88. Drugs Exp Clin Res 1995;21:187-98. Kobayashi, A., Masumura, Y., and Yamazaki, N. L-carnitine treatment for congestive heart failure--experimental and clinical study. Whats more, five of the participants taking L-carnitine experienced nausea or diarrhea (24). Effects of exercise intensity and altered substrate availability on cardiovascular and metabolic responses to exercise after oral carnitine supplementation in athletes. 2008;47(10):823-825. The Effects of L-Carnitine, Acetyl-L-Carnitine, and Propionyl-L-Carnitine on Body Mass in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Brass E. Pharmacokinetic considerations for the therapeutic use of carnitine in hemodialysis patients. 1996;18(1):91-96. In one study, 2 grams of acetyl-L-carnitine per day resulted in an almost 10-point drop in systolic blood pressure the top number of a blood pressure reading and an important indicator of heart health and disease risk (23). Arch.Pediatr 2012;19(2):184-193. 2010;32(8):669-672. View abstract. Management and outcome in 75 individuals with long-chain fatty acid oxidation defects: results from a workshop. Effects of propionyl-L-carnitine on peripheral arterial obliterative disease of the lower limbs: a double-blind clinical trial. Tempesta E, Troncon R, Janiri L, et al. The brain, inflammation and you Inflammation intimately affects sleep quality, especially in older adults. 2010;16(1):5-14. Sandor, A., Pecsuvac, K., Kerner, J., and Alkonyi, I. Asia Pac.J Clin Nutr. View abstract. Toptas, B., Baykal, A., Yesilipek, A., Isbir, M., Kupesiz, A., Yalcin, O., and Baskurt, O. K. L-carnitine deficiency and red blood cell mechanical impairment in beta-thalassemia major. It has been reported to cause vomiting, diarrhea, a fishy body odor, abdominal cramps, and nausea. 2018 May;18(5):e191-e195. Clinical and biochemical effects. 2011;13(5):392-395. View abstract. Int.J Vitam.Nutr.Res. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2006;35(2):158-161. View abstract. Minerva Urol.Nefrol. 2008;107(2):139-144. Evidence suggests it may promote weight loss by increasing calorie expenditure.6. J Androl 2012;33(2):170-175. Mantero MA, Barbero M, Giannini R, and et al. J Intern.Med. Loffredo, L., Pignatelli, P., Cangemi, R., Andreozzi, P., Panico, M. A., Meloni, V., and Violi, F. Imbalance between nitric oxide generation and oxidative stress in patients with peripheral arterial disease: effect of an antioxidant treatment. It helps transport fatty acids into the mitochondria where they can be burned up and used as fuel. Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on quality of life in intermittent claudication. Uzun, N., Sarikaya, S., Uluduz, D., and Aydin, A. Peripheric and automatic neuropathy in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: the effect of L-carnitine treatment on the peripheral and autonomic nervous system. Nutr J. A 1-year controlled trial of acetyl-l-carnitine in early onset AD. Serati AR, Motamedi MR, Emami S, et al. View abstract. If you have had a seizure, don't take L-carnitine. J Child Neurol 1999;14:162-7. View abstract. View abstract. Various lifestyle modifications, and possibly listening to music before bed, might also help. PLoS One. 2012;4:CD006282. Rev.Med.Chil. Improved pallesthetic sensitivity of pudendal nerve in impotent diabetic patients treated with acetyl-L-carnitine. Myocardial response to pretreatment with L-carnitine in patients with cardiac valve replacement. Caruso U, Cravotto E, Tisone G, and et al. Novak M, Monkus EF, Buch M, and et al. View abstract. 1992;141(11):379-384. View abstract. Angiology 1989;40(10):857-862. El Beshlawy, A., Mohtar, G., Abd El, Ghafar E., Abd El Dayem, S. M., El Sayed, M. H., Aly, A. View abstract. View abstract. Effect of lysine, vitamin B(6), and carnitine supplementation on the lipid profile of male patients with hypertriglyceridemia: a 12-week, open-label, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Ovidius University Annals, Physical Education and Sport/Science, Movement and Health Series 2010;10(Suppl 2):504-507.